The bbc revisits the iranian revolution in gloriously hammy style, while the klfs antics strike a surreal note still. The process of an islamic revolutionii the iranian experience dr. The role and contribution of ayatollah ruhollah khomeini article pdf available may 2012 with 11,508 reads how we measure reads. The islamic revolution that reshaped the middle east book by charles river editors. The 1979 islamic revolution in iran was a reaction to the failure of shah reza pahlavi to meet the social and political needs of the people shah reza pahlavi westernized and modernized iran. The iranian revolution past, present and future content. Society in iran preislamic revolution by jake zuckerman on. Ayatollah khomeini start a movement base on pure islamic thought ashura and made a social movement that an islamic republic government concluded from that. There were more than 40,000 vaqfholdings lands endowed for charitable purposes in 1960. Here is an overview of the events that led up to the iranian revolution, as well as the events in the revolution and the aftermath. Since 1988 iran is officially known as the islamic republic of iran. Islamist revolutionaries opposed the western secular policies of the authoritarian shah of iran mohammed reza pahlavi supporters of ayatollah khomeini organized protests in opposition to the authoritarian government of the shah. Society in iran pre islamic revolution role of women in society religions represented in the population of iran education system in iran typically mothers and house keepers until 1937 when they were allowed to attend universities.
This is a video presentation in partial fulfillment of persyan 10. He was appointed to the council of the islamic revolution in 1979, and between 1979 and 1981 he was a member of the majlis, serving as deputy minister of defense, commander of the revolutionary guard, and representative on the supreme council of defense. Overall, this war has been an extremely negative development for the 32. Hence, two decades after the acme of the islamic revolutions efforts in exporting itself to the muslim world, the balance of irans achievements. Backlash loosens clerics grip on 1979 iranian revolution. Thread the ideology of the iranian revolution has been called a complex combination of nationalism, political populism, and a return to the shia islamic way of life. Do you believe his efforts were more or less modernizing. Learn iran islamic revolution with free interactive flashcards. By roger cohen, new york times upfront newsmagazine for teens 1 tehran, irans capital, was in a state of revolt on jan. Supporters of ayatollah khomeini organized protests in opposition to the authoritarian government of the shah.
Iran islamic republic ofs constitution of 1979 with. During the islamic revolution in the iranian country, education was essential to the people. Irans islamic revolution after the overthrow of the shah, an american ally became one of its biggest adversaries. Most importantly, in failing to distinguish between the islamic republic and the islamic revolution, western policy decisions have frequently. The transformation of the state from a secular and nationalist monarchy to a. Time line of the iranian revolution 1963 1975 1961 1981 1965 19791941 1953 1970 1980 1964 1962 1978. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext.
Following the success of the revolution, the islamists instituted a theocratic dictatorship and wiped out the workers movement and the left. At the first signs of escalating unrest in early 1978, neither iranian nor u. The iranian revolution is exemplary because it reflects many of the great paradoxes of capitalist modernity. The newsmagazine for teens tehran, iran s capital, was in a state of revolt on jan. The iranian revolution is the only modern revolution which was deliberately and coherently fomented by a revolutionary movement consisting of different social classes united under the leadership of a senior shia cleric ayatollah ruhollah khomeini. The true story behind the secret mission to save six americans during the iran hostage crisis and the foreign ambassador who worked with the cia to bring them home hardcover. The iranian revolution was inextricably linked to religion, which is a cultural institution, a complex of symbols, articles of faith, and practices adhered to by a group of. Background and causes of the iranian revolution wikipedia.
Iran is in fact a major regional enemy of the islamic state, compounded by the fact the former is shia and the latter is sunni. Iran s islamic revolution after the overthrow of the shah, an american ally became one of its biggest adversaries. The supremacy of polytheism was brought to an end by the islamic revolution, which replaced it with monotheism, making it the dominant creed of the times. The uniqueness of the 1979 iranian revolution, also referred to as the 1979 islamic revolution, demands that one analyzes the influence religion plays in revolutions and revolutionary ideology. During this second revolution of foreign policy strategy in the very late 1980s and early 1990s, a new iran surprisingly emerged on the international scene out of the severe isolation the world. Just to be clear, iran, formally the islamic republic of iran, has nothing to do with the islamic state aka isisisil currently in iraq and syria. The islamic revolution that reshaped the middle east by charles river editors. Civil resistance is a political action that relies on the use of nonviolent methods by civil groups to challenge a particular power, force, policy or regime. The iranian peoples revolution is only a point in the start of the revolution of the great world of islam. The shah made efforts to modernize iran both economically and socially. What policies did he implement that did not reflect modernization. The islamic revolution occurred in 1979, in the muslim majority country of iran. Revolution is defined as a sudden, radical or complete change.
The iranian revolution of 197779 was the first in a series of mass popular civil insurrections which would result in the overthrow of authoritarian regimes in dozens of countries over the next three decades. An independent revolutionary iran could have provided economic and political assistance to kabul and mitigated its reliance on theussr. An introduction to the islamic revolution of iran and its. By looking at the historical, domestic, international, and socioeconomic factors related to the revolution, this case study examines the turbulent context of iranian society in. With irans ruling clergy already preparing to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the 1979 islamic revolution, it may be too late to question whether or not the revolution was in fact islamic.
The population of iran has historically been between 98 and 99 percent muslim, of which the dominant portion, some 89 percent of total muslims, have been shia, the rest. Islamic revolution background research maurawhite1. The enmity between iran and saudi arabia is a persistent feature of middle eastern geopolitics. For many sunni, the revolution, based as it was on khomeinis shia conception of rule by clericjurists, appeared sectarian and alien to them. Iranian revolution, popular uprising in 197879 that resulted in the fall of the pahlavi dynasty and the establishment of an islamic republic. The iranian revolution 1977 1979 download pdf version by stephen zunes april 2009. The iranian revolution was inextricably linked to religion, which is a cultural institution, a complex of symbols, articles. The collapse of the monarchy the emphasis of recent scholarship on the role of the state, its re. Gabriel, class analysis of the iranian revolution of 1979, are useful. The bbc persian service and the islamic revolution of 1979 massoumeh torfeh and annabelle sreberny in the recent political crisis in iran that followed the contested presidential elections of 12 june, 2009, bbc persian television henceforth bbcptv that had started in.
The shah, iran s ruler for nearly four decades, had fled the country. The islamic republics quest for global power hardcover by. Choose from 500 different sets of iran islamic revolution flashcards on quizlet. Supporters of the revolution are still the leaders of the country. David menasheri, westview special studies on the middle east, oxford, boulder, san francisco. Iran has a large population and a long history of nationhood, while saudi arabia holds significant oil reserves and is custodian of islams holiest sites. Iranian revolution, also called islamic revolution, persian enqelabe eslami, popular uprising in iran in 197879 that resulted in the toppling of the monarchy on february 11, 1979, and led to the establishment of an islamic republic.
Sep 07, 2006 so we will look at what happened during the iranian revolution of 19781979. The islamic revolution and the iranian revolution essay 79 words 6 pages. The iranian revolution was inextricably linked to religion, which is a cultural. This year is the 28th anniversary of the revolution that transformed iran from a monarchy ruled by the u.
The bbc persian service and the islamic revolution of 1979. The 1979 iranian revolution was a major landmark in iranian history. These latter comparisons enable us to assess the distinct significance of irans islamic revolution in world history. Ahmed afzaal he iranian revolution is one of the major sociopolitical upheavals in recent history. Thirty years on, and better late than never, iran is a more prosperous country than under the pahlavi. The revolution and the iranian revolution 2172 words 9 pages. Economic decline and revolutionary turmoil in the 1970s even though the peak of the revolution was in 1979, key preliminary events occurred throughout the mid 1970s. It featured an organized alliance of opposition groups, each with their own distinct grievances and revolutionary goals. The islamic revolution occurred in 1979, in the muslim country iran. The iranian revolution was the islamic revolution that replaced the secular monarchy of shah. He also served several times as general secretary of the islamic republic party. Avaliable format in pdf, epub, mobi, kindle, ebook and audiobook. The second obstacle to the iranian revolution was its failure to appeal to the people of other countries. The iranian revolution is a thorough history of the iranian revolution.
The newsmagazine for teens tehran, irans capital, was in a state of revolt on jan. Its challenge to the west the ideological engine powering the iranian regimes race for regional supremacy is among the more misunderstood and ignored aspects of irans political and military activity in. View 1979 iranian revolution research papers on academia. Islamic revolution simple english wikipedia, the free. The reason for the revolution a violent overthrow of a government was that many iranians disliked the shah mohammed reza pahlavi ayatollah khomeini organized protests to overthrow the government. Marjane satrapi shelved 23 times as iranianrevolution.
T he islamic republic of iran that emerged from the revolution of 1979 has lasted quite well. Over the next few months there issued from the council hundreds of rulings and laws, dealing with everything from bank. Iran is an important test case firstly because until the revolution, iran was one of three key prowestern strongholds in the middle east necessary for suppressing local worker demands and keeping oil production cheap the others being israel and saudi arabia. Celebrating its 35th anniversary, irans islamic revolution shocked the world and redrew the map of global alliances.
An introduction to the islamic revolution of iran and its slogans. Summary of 1979 islamic revolution for dummies the iranian. Irans islamic revolution of 1979 discussion questions 1. Second edition the making of irans islamic revolution. Religious elements of the 1979 islamic revolution september 30, 20 this case study investigates the social, economic, and political dynamics of 1970s iran that led the iranian people to accept, and then maintain, religion as the basis of a new political system after deposing mohammad reza shah pahlavi in 1979. The iranian revolution was the islamic revolution that replaced the secular monarchy of shah mohammad reza pahlavi with a religious republic led by ayatollah ruhollah khomeini its causes continue to be the subject of historical debate and are believed to have stemmed partly from a conservative backlash opposing the westernization, modernization and secularization efforts of the. The iranian revolution also known as the islamic revolution or the 1979 revolution.
Causes and consequences for regional stability leicester university dissertation. The iranian revolution there are various parties that have different viewpoints and opinions of the revolution. The iranian revolution launched islam as a new liberating force in the eyes of many in the middle east. Heres a brief history of the iranian revolution of 1979, in which islamic clerics overthrew shah pahlavi and established the islamic republic of iran. Shah wanted the western education because he believed that it was best for the iranian people. Stanford journal of international relations the second. Chapter 1 the historical background chapter 2 notes on the history of iran chapter 3 the communist party of iran chapter 4 the february revolution of 1979 chapter 5 the basis of islamic fundamentalism chapter 6 the economics of counterrevolution. The iranian revolution a history and analysis of the revolution in which socialists aligned themselves with islamists to overthrow the westbacked shah. Suraye enqelabe eslami was a group formed by ayatollah ruhollah khomeini to manage the iranian revolution on 10 january 1979, shortly before he returned to iran.
Jun 18, 2019 in the late 1970s, the pahlavi dynasty was overthrown and replaced by a new islamic republic of iran. The revolution was mostly nonviolent, although there were incidents of armed struggle. Guardians of the islamic revolution deep blue university of. The shah, irans ruler for nearly four decades, had fled the country. Iran s revolution began with a popular democracy movement and ended with the establishment of the world s first islamic state. The fundamentals of irans islamic revolution institute for global. The new shah also owed his political survival to a 1953 coup engineered by the united states. In 1987, marvin zonis and daniel brumberg observed a paradox in the success of the iranian revolution at home and abroad.
The iranian revolution has been called a revolution for every theory, and indeed many scholars have tried to analyze it through various theoretical lens parsa 3. Revolution, also referred to as the 1979 islamic revolution, demands that one analyzes the influence religion plays in revolutions and revolutionary ideology. Heres a brief history of the iranian revolution of 1979, in which islamic clerics overthrew shah pahlavi and. Postwar iraq together with additional views, 25 may 2007. The islamic revolution impacted other islamic countries by showing how to fight against modernization. Sixth, the land reform generated acrimony between the ulama and the shahs regime.
During this era, iran experienced a harsh economic downturn, urban. Islamic revolution in iran that would alter this country forever. An introduction to the islamic revolution of iran and its slogans panahi, m. Nov 25, 2019 heres a brief history of the iranian revolution of 1979, in which islamic clerics overthrew shah pahlavi and established the islamic republic of iran. Islamist revolutionaries opposed the western secular policies of the authoritarian shah of iran mohammed reza pahlavi. Many researchers believe that islamic revolution is a part of a turning point of an i. The iran islamic revolution of 1979 summary youtube. Two artciles, one by moojan momen, the religious background of the 1979 revolution in iran, and another by satya j. It has caused immense damage, in human and economic terms, to their countries. Iranian revolution and the islamic republic, its impact on the relationship between the state and. The safavid dynasty ruled iran until 1722, when an afghan army invaded the country and captured isfahan. Iran is as committed to exporting the islamic revolution today as it was in 1979.
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